Of six main Li-ion chemistries, three dominate in cars: LFP, NMC and NCA. MSG Equipment compares their energy density and other properties.
Lithium-ion batteries power electric vehicles, but they are not all the same. Industry has developed six main types, named after their cathode materials: LCO, LMO, NMC, NCA, LFP and LTO.
Three are widely used in cars: LFP, NMC and NCA. LMO appeared in early EVs but has been replaced by more advanced chemistries. Automakers are not tied to one type, and even a single model may use different batteries.
In energy density, NCA leads at about 322 Wh/kg, NMC reaches 230–250 Wh/kg and LFP 130–160 Wh/kg. In practice, however, the range difference between NMC and LFP cars is small; the article compares other properties as well.