Types of the compressor, the “heart” of the AC, how its electromagnetic clutch works, common faults and conditions that switch it off.
The compressor is the heart of a car’s air conditioning. Types include piston, axial piston, rotary vane and scroll designs. As MSG Equipment explains, the pulley spins freely while the engine runs; when AC is switched on, the electromagnetic clutch engages and transfers torque to the pump, circulating refrigerant.
The most common faults are a blown fuse, poor clutch contact and refrigerant leaks. An unusual noise when the AC starts may indicate a failed pulley bearing, which, if ignored, can damage the clutch.
The compressor may also shut off due to excessive or low pressure, low battery voltage, high coolant temperature, low outside temperature or a condenser fan fault. Diagnostic software and dedicated equipment are recommended to find the exact cause.